Shkoda Felitsija
+ Cars of mark Skoda Felicia
+ The maintenance instruction
+ Routine maintenance
- Engine repair
+ Repair without extraction from the car of the petrol engine of 1.3 l
+ Repair without extraction from the car of the petrol engine of 1.6 l
+ Repair without extraction from the car of the diesel engine
- Dismantle of the power unit and engine major repairs
Removal from the car of the power unit - preparation and safety measures, the general data on a suspension bracket of the power unit
Removal, partition and installation of the power unit
Engine major repairs - preliminary data
Dismantling, clearing, check of a condition and assemblage of a head of cylinders
Removal, check of a condition and installation of a camshaft and pushers of valves (the engine 1.3)
Removal and installation of an intermediate shaft (the diesel engine)
Removal, check of a condition and installation of shatunno-piston assemblages
Removal and check of a condition of a cranked shaft
Cleaning and check of a condition of the block of cylinders/kartera of the engine
Check of a condition and selection of loose leaves radical and шатунных bearings of a cranked shaft
Assembly order of the engine after major repairs performance
Installation of a cranked shaft and check of working backlashes of radical bearings
Installation of piston rings
Installation of shatunno-piston assemblages on the engine and check of working backlashes шатунных bearings
Initial start of the engine after end of its major repairs
+ Systems of cooling, heating
+ The power supply system
+ Engine electric equipment
+ Coupling
+ Transmission
+ Power shafts
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
+ Body and salon furnish
+ Onboard electric equipment
|
Removal and check of a condition of a cranked shaft
Assemblage of a cranked shaft - the general data
The cranked shaft is forged from a steel. The shaft has three radical and four шатунных necks. Cranks with шатунными necks of the first and second cylinders are located between the first and second radical necks of a shaft; between the second and thirds radical necks locate cranks of the third and the fourth шатунных necks.
And - Width of a radical neck
b - Ø шатунной necks
And - Ø a radical neck
For the purpose of decrease in the loading having on radical bearings cranks are equipped by the shod counterbalances counterbalancing centrifugal forces, arising between two next support.
All cranks and necks of a cranked shaft are equipped internal маслотоками on which oil arrives to loose leaves of bearings.
Cranks are not subject to processing. As to necks and both pins of a cranked shaft they are carefully processed. As radical, and шатунные necks are exposed to superficial training by a current of high frequency. Diameter of radical necks makes 60 mm, шатунных - 45 mm.
The end face of a back pin of a cranked shaft is equipped by a flange under flywheel landing. Consolidation of landing of a back pin in the block is reached by means of an epiploon of the size 85х105х12 mm.
The forward pin of a shaft represents a neck used under landing of a gear wheel/asterisk of a belt/chain drive of a camshaft, and also a pulley клиновидного a belt of a drive of auxiliary units (the water pump and the generator). Hermetic sealing of landing of a forward pin is provided with a forward epiploon (42х58х8 mm).
Both epiploons are made from фторкаучука and differ raised reliability and durability.
The size axial люфта a shaft is supervised by installation of special remote rings and a persistent washer which are established on the first radical neck of a shaft. Remote rings are stopped from проворачивания by the ledge provided on an outer side. The admissible size axial люфта a cranked shaft is presented in Specifications in the beginning of the present Chapter.
Persistent rings besides a nominal thickness (1.480 ÷ 1.490 mm), are issued also the repair sizes: 1.605 ÷ 1.615 mm, 1.703 ÷ 1.740 mm and 1.855 ÷ 1.865 mm.
Rings большего always should be established the size from outside прошлифованной a lateral surface of a cheek of a crank. From outside a persistent washer the ring of the nominal size is always established.
In case of deterioration the persistent washer (loss of smoothness of lateral surfaces) is subject to replacement.
All cranked shaft on manufacture are exposed to static and dynamic balancing to within 0.2 Nanometers.
Covers of radical bearings of a cranked shaft are executed from pig-iron and fasten to the block of cylinders by means of bilateral bolts М11. On covers labels in the form of figures "1", “2” or “3” are cast. Thus the cover with number “1” should be established on the bearing nearest to drive ГРМ, with number “3” - on the nearest to a flywheel, and number “2” - on average.
Loose leaves of bearings of a cranked shaft are executed from the thin steel strip covered from within with a layer of an alloy of special structure. The thickness of a layer makes 0.35 mm. Radical loose leaves have width of 24 mm at a thickness of 2.5 mm, шатунные - 22 m at 1.5 mm.
|
On all length of each of the top radical loose leaves there passes a flute serving for a supply of engine oil, arriving through an aperture of the oval form in the loose leaf. On face surfaces of half rings of loose leaves the locks providing unambiguity of landing of half rings and their fixing from проворачивания are equipped.
And — Radical loose leaves
b — Shatunnye loose leaves
1 — the Top loose leaves
2 — the Bottom loose leaves |
Shatunnye loose leaves differ smoothness of a surface and are not equipped by locks.
No marks, on loose leaves are provided, that is why, their thickness is defined by means of a micrometer.
Loose leaves remain suitable for the further use if they are worn not too out, do not leave an excessive working backlash of bearings, are free from cracks, scratches and having chopped off a blanket. Defective loose leaves are subject to replacement without fail. Composers of the present Management recommend to make replacement of loose leaves in the complete set for all bearings simultaneously.
Before to start check of a condition of a cranked shaft, it is necessary for clearing of greasing and dirt traces. In case of revealing of obvious defects, and also in case of absence of confidence of an estimation of a condition of a shaft, it is necessary to replace it. On termination of any kind of regenerative repair it is necessary to clean carefully all маслотоки a shaft. (At first take advantage of kerosene, then blow apertures the compressed air).
REMOVAL
|
1. Remove a head of cylinders, a chain and asterisks of drive ГРМ (the Part Repair without extraction from the car of the petrol engine of the present Chapter of 1.3 l see). Fix sleeves of cylinders.
2. Remove from a cranked shaft of a cover of the bottom heads of rods. In case of need remove шатунные assemblages (see Has undressed Removal, check of a condition and installation of shatunno-piston assemblages).
3. Before to start extraction of a cranked shaft, execute following actions:
a) Temporarily put on a shaft pin an external persistent washer (flutes маслотоков outside from a bearing cover), combine a lock tag with a groove on a cover and plant a washer against the stop in the nest. Make sure that the tag of an internal persistent washer also enters into a reciprocal groove in the cover;
b) Having established a persistent washer, put on the big remote plug (oblique internal edge to the block), an adjusting washer, segment шпонку (the oblique party inside) and an asterisk газораспределительной chains;
c) Establish a pulley of a cranked shaft, screw a pulley bolt (do not forget about a washer) and tighten it with demanded effort, having taken corresponding measures against проворачивания a shaft (see Has undressed Removal, check of a condition and flywheel installation). We will notice that wrong installation of persistent washers will lead to jamming of a shaft in the course of a tightening of a bolt of a pulley. As a result of such jamming washers can easily appear are damaged.
|
4. With the help циферблатного a measuring instrument плунжерного type measure axial люфт a cranked shaft. Fix a measuring instrument so that it плунжер rested against an end face of a forward pin of a shaft, and axes of the last settled down in parallel. Shift a shaft against the stop back, null the device, then push a shaft forward for all length of its course and consider the measuring instrument indication. Compare result to requirements of Specifications. The size axial люфта is regulated by selection of a persistent washer. |
|
5. Alternatively axial люфт a shaft can be measured with the help probeа лезвийного type. Shift a shaft till the end of its course towards a flywheel, then probeом measure a thickness of a backlash between a cheek of the first crank and a persistent washer. |
6. Remove all temporarily established components. Also remove a flywheel (see Has undressed Removal, check of a condition and installation a flywheel).
|
7. Turn out fixing screws and remove from a pin of a shaft assemblage of a casing of a back epiploon. Remove a casing lining (if that is provided). At assemblage the lining is subject replacements without fail. |
|
8. Check up covers of radical bearings on presence of identification marks. Usually marks are presented by labels in the form of figures with 1 on 3, considering from outside a pulley. If marks are absent, put it independently (take advantage кернером as did it at marks шатунных covers).
|
Besides number of a cover the arrangement of labels should specify an adjusting direction of covers unequivocally. |
|
9. Turn out fixing bolts and remove covers of radical bearings together with loose leaves.
10. Take a cranked shaft and remove from its right pin a persistent washer. Try to remember adjusting position of a washer.
11. Take from the beds the top loose leaves of radical bearings and combine them together with bottom, as installation on the engine. |
|
Engines of 1.6 l and diesel
|
|
If it is not supposed performance of any works on restoration of shatunno-piston assemblages, necessity for removal of a head and pistons disappears. Enough only will shift pistons upwards on cylinders, having removed the bottom heads of rods from necks of a cranked shaft. Work is recommended to be carried out at the assembly stand. |
1. According to the instructions resulted in the Part Repair without extraction from the car of the petrol engine of 1.6 l or Repair without extraction from the car of the diesel engine of the present Chapter execute following procedures:
a) Remove from a cranked shaft a cogwheel of a belt drive of drive ГРМ;
b) Remove components of assemblage of coupling and a flywheel;
c) Remove the pallet картера, маслоотражатель (if it is provided) and the oil pump with маслозаборником;
d) Remove assemblages of casings of forward and back epiploons.
2. In case of need remove pistons with rods (see Has undressed Removal, check of a condition and installation of shatunno-piston assemblages).
|
3. Operating in the manner similar of 1.3 l described for the engine, measure size axial люфта a cranked shaft. The size axial люфта is regulated by selection of a thickness of persistent washers. |
|
4. Alternatively люфт it is possible to define with the help probeа лезвийного type, having measured by it the maximum size of a backlash between a cheek of 2nd crank and a persistent washer. Compare the received result to requirements of Specifications. |
|
5. Check up covers of radical bearings on presence of factory marks. Digital labels are put as an arrangement of covers in a direction from drive ГРМ to a flywheel. |
6. In stages (on 1/4 turns for the approach) ослабьте bolts of fastening of covers, then turn out them manually. Slightly обстучав a hammer with soft brisk, remove covers together and loose leaves. Attach loose leaves to the covers an adhesive tape.
|
7. Cautiously take a cranked shaft. Try not to admit loss of the top loose leaves of radical bearings. As the shaft weighs much enough, it will be reasonable to resort to the help of the assistant. Lay the removed shaft on an equal working surface, having propped up its wooden wedges. |
8. Take the top loose leaves and combine them together with bottom as installation on the engine. Remove 3rd crank established from both parties persistent washers.
9. Pay attention to the dredging pierced in covers and the block - the given dredging are provided for hit in them of ledges of loose leaves and define unambiguity of installation of the last. |
|
CHECK
|
1. Carefully wash out a cranked shaft solvent and dry it. Wash out apertures маслотоков and make sure of passableness of the last (take advantage of a special brush). In order to avoid damage of new loose leaves remove facets from edges of apertures.
2. Check up a condition radical and шатунных shaft necks. In case of revealing of signs of non-uniform deterioration, задиров, cracks, cavities and other damages, it is necessary to give a shaft in проточку with the subsequent replacement of bearings with the repair.
|
3. By means of a micrometer measure diameters radical and шатунных shaft necks. By measurement of diameter in various points of necks, check up the last on presence of signs of ovality or конусности. Compare results of check to requirements of Specifications, in case of need give a shaft in проточку. |
4. Check up a condition of surfaces of both pins of a shaft contacting to epiploons. In case of revealing задиров, roughnesses and the other damages, capable to lead to failure of a new epiploon, it is necessary to address for the help to experts of car-care centre where corresponding regenerative repair of pins can be executed.
5. With the help циферблатного a measuring instrument плунжерного type define size of lateral palpation of a cranked shaft in its average part. The shaft should be laid in V-shaped blocks. Try not to damage during performance of check of a surface of necks and shaft pins. The maximum admissible value of lateral palpation of a cranked shaft is not stipulated by manufacturers, however composers of the present Management recommend to accept as a starting point size of 0.05 mm. At excess of the given value it is necessary to replace a shaft, or to deliver for regenerative repair in a car-care centre workshop.
|
6. On engines of 1.3 l it is necessary to define a micrometer a thickness of persistent washers. The worn out washers are replaced in steam from among corresponding to them on dimensional group. If the shaft was exposed проточке, one of washers after selection can refuse more thickly another, also should establish from the inside (closely to a crank cheek). |
7. The description of procedures of check of a condition of loose leaves radical and шатунных bearings see in Section Check of a condition and selection of loose leaves radical and шатунных bearings of a cranked shaft. |
|
|
|